Grammar
N도
Meaning
BeginnerN do
도 marks its noun as one more item of the same kind — 'N too, N as well'. It carries an assumption with it: something else already fits the sentence, and this noun joins it. Under a negative predicate the same particle reads as 'not N either'. In the album article, 중국어 버전과 영어 버전도 says those versions are on the record in addition to the songs already mentioned.
Form
Attach 도 straight to the noun, with no vowel/consonant distinction (저도, 이것도). It REPLACES the subject particle 이/가, the object particle 을/를 and the topic particle 은/는 — 저도, never 저는도 or 제가도. With the other particles it stacks on top instead: 학교에도, 서울에서도, 친구와도. It can also follow a nominalized verb, which is where -기도 하다 comes from.
Examples
동생도 학교에 갑니다.
My younger sibling goes to school too.
Common mistakes & nuance
The particle to hold it against is 은/는. Both can stand where 이/가 would, but 은/는 sets the noun off against others (as for N) while 도 lines it up with them (N too), so exchanging one for the other reverses the point of the sentence. 도 is also what makes the negative indefinites work — 아무도 없다 'nobody is there', 하나도 모른다 'does not know a single one' — where the pattern is incomplete until a negative predicate follows.
Similar grammar
- N도 N도
Repeating 도 across two nouns turns the 'also' into a list — 형도 동생도 'both the older and the younger one'. A single N도 adds one item to something already said; N도 N도 puts the items on equal footing inside one sentence and needs no earlier mention at all.
- N만
만 sits in the same slot and does the opposite job: it shuts the other items out ('only N') where 도 lets them in ('N too'). Both replace 이/가 and 을/를, and both stack after 에 and 에서, so the sentence frame is identical — the particle alone tells the reader whether the set is being widened or narrowed.