Grammar

-(으)ㄴ/는 것

Meaning

Beginner-(eu)n/neun geot

Turns a verb or adjective clause into a noun phrase, like English '-ing' or 'the thing that ~'. Use -는 것 for something happening now and -(으)ㄴ 것 for a finished action, so 다시 만든 것입니다 means 'it is something that was made again'. Because the result behaves like a noun, it can take any particle: 것은, 것을, 것이, or 것만으로 ('just by ~ing'), as in 보여 주는 것만으로 ('just by showing').

Form

Attach the modifier ending to the stem, then the bound noun 것 with a space before it. Verbs take -는 것 in the present (가다 → 가는 것, 읽다 → 읽는 것) and -(으)ㄴ 것 for a completed action (찍다 → 찍은 것, 보다 → 본 것). Adjectives take -(으)ㄴ 것 for the present (좋다 → 좋은 것, 크다 → 큰 것). Stems ending in ㄹ drop it before both endings: 살다 → 사는 것, 만들다 → 만든 것. In speech 것이/것을/것은 are often shortened to 게/걸/건.

Examples

Common mistakes & nuance

것 is a bound noun, so leave a space before it — 가는 것, never 가는것. Learners often use -는 것 for adjectives too, but an adjective takes -(으)ㄴ 것 even when it describes the present (좋는 것 is wrong; 좋은 것 is right). And because 것 is a noun, something has to follow it — a particle or the copula 이다 — so a sentence ends 제 취미는 여행하는 것입니다, written together, not 것 입니다.

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